TOEFL Words

Word

Definition

Part of speech

abate

to lessen; to subside

verb

abet

to help; to aid

verb

abhor

to hate; to detest

verb

abject

miserable; wretched

adjective

abruptly

suddenly; unexpectedly

adverb

absorbed

interested; engrossed

adjective

abundant

plentiful

adjective

accessory

something added

noun

accommodations

a room and meals

noun

accomplice

one who aids and abets a criminal

noun

accost

to meet someone and to speak first

verb

accumulate

to pile up; to collect

verb

accurate

correct

adjective

acrid

sharp; bitter

adjective

adjacent

next to; adjoining

adjective

admonish

to warn about; to advise against doing something

verb

adore

to love greatly

verb

adroit

clever; skillful

adjective

affluent

rich

adjective

aggravate

to make worse

verb

agile

lively

adjective

agitate

to disturb

verb

aglow

shining brightly

adjective

ailment

a mild illness

noun

ajar

slightly open

adjective

akin

similar; related

adjective

albino

a person or animal without normal pigmentation, characterized by pale skin, hair, and eyes

noun

alert

perceptive; quick

adjective

alleviate

to lessen; to relieve

verb

alluring

tempting; enticing

adjective

aloof

reserved; indifferent

adjective

amateur

not professional; untrained

adjective

ambiguous

doubtful; uncertain

adjective

amicable

friendly

adjective

amnesia

a lapse of memory

noun

ample

adequate; enough

adjective

amplify

to make larger, more powerful

verb

anguish

great sorrow; pain

noun

ankle

the joint between the foot and the leg

noun

annual

yearly

adjective

anomalous

unusual

adjective

antique

a very old and valuable object

noun

applaud

to clap

verb

appraisal

an estimate of the value

noun

appropriate

suitable

adjective

arduous

demanding great effort; strenuous

adjective

arouse

to spur; to incite

verb

arraign

to charge; to accuse

verb

arrogance

haughtiness

noun

aspire

to strive toward; to seek eagerly

verb

assert

to affirm an opinion

verb

asset

a useful or valuable quality; finances

noun

assuage

to ease; to lessen

verb

astound

to surprise greatly; to astonish

verb

astray

away from the correct path or direction

adverb

audacious

bold; daring

adjective

audible

able to be heard

adjective

augment

to increase

verb

autonomous

free; independent

adjective

avarice

greed

noun

aversion

intense dislike

noun

baffle

to confuse

verb

bald

without hair

adjective

ban

to declare that something must not be done; to prohibit

verb

bar

a court of law

noun

barricade

a barrier; an obstruction

noun

beckon

to signal with one's hand

verb

behavior

one's actions

noun

bellow

to shout loudly

verb

beneficiary

a person who receives money or property from an insurance policy or from a will

noun

beverage

a kind of drink

noun

bewilder

to confuse

verb

bicker

to quarrel

verb

bitter

a sharp, acrid taste

adjective

blame

responsibility

noun

blandishment

coaxing; persuasion by flattery

noun

bleak

cold and bare; cheerless

adjective

blend

a mixture

noun

blithe

carefree and gay; lighthearted

adjective

blizzard

a severe snowstorm

noun

blunder

an error; a mistake

noun

blush

to flush

verb

boulder

a large rock

noun

boundary

border; limit

noun

boundless

without limits

adjective

brandish

to shake or wave a weapon menacingly

verb

brawl

a noisy fight; a quarrel

noun

bribe

money or gift used to influence someone to do something that he should not

noun

brim

the upper edge of anything hollow

noun

brink

the edge of a high place

noun

brittle

easily broken

adjective

broom

an object used to sweep the floor

noun

brutal

savage; cruel

adjective

bully

to be cruel to weaker people or animals

verb

bump

a light blow; a jolt

noun

cabal

a group of people united in a scheme to promote their views by intrigue; a group of conspirators

noun

callous

insensitive; unfeeling

adjective

captive

a person who is not permitted to leave

noun

carve

to slice meat

verb

cast

to throw out or down

verb

castigate

to reprove

verb

cataclysm

a great flood; a terrible event

noun

chaos

without organization; confusion

noun

chasm

a deep crack in the earth

noun

chaste

pure

adjective

chilly

cool

adjective

chore

a task; a job

noun

chum

an intimate friend

noun

cider

juice from apples

noun

clamorous

noisy

adjective

clap

to applaud

verb

clemency

kindness, mercy

noun

cluttered

confused; disorganized; littered

adjective

coerce

to compel by pressure or threat

verb

cogent

convincing

adjective

colleague

a fellow worker; a co-worker, usually in a profession

noun

colloquy

a formal conversation; a conference

noun

commence

to begin

verb

commend

to praise

verb

compassion

symphony; pity

noun

complex

complicated

adjective

complexion

the natural color and appearance of the skin

noun

compliment

an expression of praise or admiration

noun

compulsory

required

adjective

conceal

to hide

verb

concoct

to devise; to invent

verb

concord

an agreement

noun

concurrence

an agreement, usually by equals

noun

condone

to overlook; to excuse

verb

confide

to entrust a secret

verb

confident

sure of oneself

adjective

confine

to limit

verb

confiscate

to seize by authority

verb

congeal

to become hard; to solidify

verb

congenial

pleasing in nature of character; agreeable

adjective

congenital

existing at birth, but not hereditary

adjective

congestion

crowding

noun

conjecture

a supposition; a guess

noun

conscientious

careful; honest

adjective

constantly

all the time

adverb

contaminated

polluted

adjective

contract

to reduce

verb

conventional

usual; ordinary

adjective

conversion

a change

noun

core

a center

noun

coward

one who lacks courage; a person who is not brave

noun

crave

to desire greatly

verb

credulous

inclined to believe too readily; gullible

adjective

creed

a belief; a faith

noun

crude

not finished; rough

adjective

cruise

to drive slowly

verb

crumb

a small piece of bread or cake

noun

crutch

a support used as an aid in walking, often used in pairs

noun

cryptic

secret; hidden

adjective

culpable

deserving blame

adjective

curt

rudely brief in speech or manner

adjective

curtail

to shorten; to suspend

verb

dagger

a knife

noun

dangle

to hang loosely; to swing

verb

debtor

one who owes

noun

decade

a period of ten years

noun

decency

modest behavior; propriety

noun

deck

the floor of a ship

noun

decline

a downward slope; a declivity

noun

decrepit

weakened by illness or age; badly used

adjective

dedicate

to honor someone by placing his or her name in the beginning of a literary book or an artistic performance

verb

defect

an imperfection

noun

deformed

disfigured

adjective

deliberately

in a planned way

adverb

demolish

to tear down completely

verb

dent

to depress a surface by pressure or a blow

verb

depict

to describe

verb

depreciate

to express disapproval

verb

deprive

to take away

verb

deride

to make fun of; to jeer

verb

designate

to name; to specify

verb

detect

to discover

verb

deterioration

lower value; depreciation

noun

detest

to hate

verb

deviate

to depart from; to differ

verb

diffidence

lack of confidence in oneself

noun

digress

to stray from the main subject

verb

dilate

to become wider; larger

verb

diligent

industrious; busy

adjective

diminutive

a small amount; something small

adjective

dingy

dirty; shabby

adjective

disband

to dissolve; to discontinue

verb

discard

to throw out

verb

discern

to recognize; to perceive

verb

dispatch

to send

verb

dissect

to examine; to criticize

verb

disseminate

to spread; to distribute

verb

divert

to entertain; to amuse

verb

divulge

to make known; to reveal

verb

doze

to sleep for a short time; to take a nap

verb

drench

to make very wet

verb

drought

a long period of dry weather

noun

drowsy

very sleepy

adjective

dubious

doubtful

adjective

dungeon

a dark cell; a prison

noun

durable

sturdy; lasting

adjective

duration

the length of time from beginning to end

noun

dusk

evening, just before dark

noun

earthquake

a shaking of the earth's surface caused by disturbances underground

noun

eccentric

strange; odd

adjective

eloquence

persuasive, graceful language

noun

elucidate

to make understandable

verb

elusive

tending to escape notice

adjective

emit

to give off

verb

emphasis

special attention; importance

noun

emulate

to try to equal or excel

verb

endeavor

to make an effort; to try very hard

verb

energy

vigor; strength

noun

enervate

to debilitate; to weaken

verb

enhance

to make greater, better

verb

entice

to attract; to lure

verb

envious

discontent or resentful because of another's possessions or qualities

adjective

equitably

fairly; justly

adverb

equivocal

ambiguous; evasive

adjective

eradicate

to remove all traces

verb

erosion

wearing away

noun

erudite

learned

adjective

escort

to accompany

verb

essential

important; necessary

adjective

esteem

a favorable opinion; respect

noun

eulogy

high praise; laudation 

noun

evolve

to develop gradually

verb

exacting

detailed; meticulous

adjective

exasperate

to make angry or impatient

verb

exceed

to be greater than

verb

exhausted

very tired; enervated

adjective

exorbitant

extravagant; excessive

adjective

expand

to make larger

verb

expanse

a large area

noun

expire

to cease to be effective, to terminate

verb

explicit

very clear; definite

adjective

exploit

to use for selfish advantage or profit

verb

expound

to explain in detail

verb

extempore

without preparation; impromptu

adjective

extensive

far-reaching

adjective

extinct

no longer active; having died out

adjective

extol

to praise highly

verb

extravagance

excess spending

noun

exultant

very happy; full of joy

adjective

facile

easy

adjective

falter

to move hesitatingly; unsteadily

verb

famine

starvation

noun

fascinate

to attract powerfully; to charm

verb

feat

an act requiring great strength or courage

noun

feeble

lacking strength, power

adjective

ferry

to cross a river or a narrow body of water

verb

feud

to engage in a long, bitter hostility

verb

flatter

to praise too much

verb

flee

to escape swiftly

verb

flicker

to shine unsteadily

verb

flimsy

lacking solidarity, strength

adjective

flip

to overturn

verb

flounder

to move awkwardly

verb

fluffy

soft; airy

adjective

foolish

silly

adjective

forbearance

self-restraint

noun

ford

a shallow place in a river which can be crossed by walking or driving

noun

foresee

to anticipate

verb

fowl

a bird which can be eaten

noun

fraction

a part of something

noun

fracture

a break

noun

fraud

a fault; a deception

noun

fret

to worry

verb

frigid

very cold

adjective

furtive

secret

adjective

futile

useless

adjective

garb

clothing

noun

garrison

a fortified place occupied by soldiers

noun

garrulous

talkative

adjective

gash

a deep cut

noun

gauche

impolite; clumsy

adjective

gem

a precious stone; a jewel

noun

genial

kindly; friendly

adjective

genuine

true

adjective

germinate

to begin to grow

verb

gist

the main idea

noun

glamorous

fascinating; alluring

adjective

glib

spoken easily but with little thought; fluent

adjective

glitter

to shine with a sparkling light

verb

glossary

an explanation of special words at the end of the book

noun

glow

to shine

verb

goal

an objective; an aim

noun

greedy

excessively desirous of acquiring possessions; avaricious

adjective

grievance

a complaint

noun

grope

to search blindly, uncertainly

verb

grouchy

irritable

adjective

grudge

hard feelings; resentment

noun

grumble

to complain

verb

gust

a sudden, brief rush of wind

noun

hamlet

a small village

noun

handy

easily reached

adjective

haphazard

without a fixed or regular course; indifferent; disorganized

adjective

harsh

cruel

adjective

hasty

done too quickly to be accurate or wise

adjective

hazy

not clear; vague

adjective

heavy

a great amount

adjective

heretic

very busy; active

adjective

heed

to pay attention to

verb

henceforth

from now on

adverb

hilarious

very funny; merry; laughable

adjective

hinge

a joint on which a door or gate is attached

noun

hint

a suggestion; a clue

noun

hoarse

a rough, husky sound, especially a rough voice

adjective

hoax

a trick

noun

hoe

a garden tool with a long handle and a flat blade used for digging

noun

holocaust

widespread destruction, usually by fire

noun

homage

allegiance; respect

noun

hubbub

noise; confusion

noun

humid

damp; hot

adjective

hypothesis

a tentative theory

noun

identical

exactly the same

adjective

ignorant

without knowledge; unaware; uninformed

adjective

ignore

to refuse to notice or recognize; to discard

verb

imminent

about to occur; impending

adjective

impartial

not favoring one more than the other; just

adjective

impartible

indivisible

adjective

imply

to suggest

verb

impromptu

without preparation; unrehearsed; extempore

adjective

incessant

without interruption; continuous

adjective

incidental

of lesser importance; secondary

adjective

incisive

crisp; trenchant

adjective

incredible

hard to believe

adjective

indictment

an accusation

noun

induce

to lead or move by influence or persuasion

verb

inert

lacking independent power to move; not active

adjective

infested

inhabited in large numbers by something harmful

adjective

ingredients

parts of a mixture, especially a recipe

noun

inhabit

to live in a place

verb

initiate

to start; to begin

verb

innovation

a change

noun

inquisitive

asking many questions; curious

adjective

inseparable

not able to be separated

adjective

inspect

to examine closely

verb

integrate

to coordinate; to unite

verb

intersect

to meet

verb

interval

the time between two events

noun

intrepid

fearless

adjective

intricate

complicated

adjective

intrude

to be in the way; to be an obstacle

verb

invalid

a sick person

noun

invariable

always the same

adjective

irritate

to excite to anger; to bother

verb

jeopardy

danger

noun

jerk

a sudden movement

noun

jungle

land covered with a growth of trees and vegetation

noun

keen

eager

adjective

lament

to express sorrow

verb

lanky

tall and slim

adjective

laud

to praise

verb

leisure

free; unoccupied

adjective

lid

a cover

noun

lift

to raise

verb

light

having little substance; not heavy

adjective

limb

a large branch of a tree

noun

limp

to favor one leg; to cripple

verb

limpid

lucid

adjective

litter

to strew with scattered articles

verb

lively

fill of energy; agile

adjective

loafer

an idle, lazy person

noun

loathe

to hate; to detest

verb

loot

stolen goods; plunder

noun

lullaby

a song to lull a baby to sleep

noun

luminous

bright

adjective

lustrous

bright; shining

adjective

malign

to slander

verb

mansion

a large, imposing house; a residence

noun

mare

a female horse

noun

margin

the blank space bordering the written or printed area of a page

noun

marshal

a law officer

noun

massive

huge; heavy

adjective

meddle

to interfere; to intrude

verb

menace

to threaten

verb

mend

to repair

verb

merger

a legal combination of two or more businesses

noun

meteor

a celestial body smaller than one mile in diameter

noun

meticulous

to be careful about detail

adjective

mingle

to mix; to combine

verb

modify

to change something a little

verb

molest

to annoy; to bother

verb

monstrous

horrible; shocking

adjective

moron

a foolish, silly person

noun

morsel

slice, crumb, a bit of, nibble, mouthful

noun

mumble

to speak indistinctly

verb

munch

to chew

verb

mutual

having the same relationship one to the other; shared

adjective

nadir

point opposite the zenith and directly below the observer; lowest point, base point

noun

nasty

mean

adjective

negligent

extremely careless

adjective

numb

without sensation; paralyzed

adjective

oasis

fertile place with water located in the desert

noun

oblivion

the condition of being completely forgotten

noun

obvious

forgetful; unaware

adjective

obscure

not easily seen

adjective

obsequious

obedient; servile

adjective

obsolete

no longer useful; outdated

adjective

obstinate

stubborn; unyielding

adjective

obstruct

to get in the way; to block

verb

ominous

threatening

adjective

omit

to leave out

verb

oration

a formal speech

noun

orchard

a group of nut or fruit trees

noun

ordeal

difficult or painful experience

noun

output

production; yield

noun

outrageous

very offensive; shocking

adjective

overall

general; comprehensive

adjective

pact

a treaty; an agreement

noun

palatable

savory

adjective

pauper

a very poor person

noun

peek

to take a brief look

verb

penetrate

to pass through; to enter

verb

pensive

thoughtful

adjective

perforated

small lines or holes in something

adjective

perilous

full of danger

adjective

permanently

constantly

adverb

permissible

allowed

adjective

perpetual

continuing forever; constant

adjective

persuade

to convince

verb

pessimist

one who always takes a gloomy view of things

noun

petition

a formal request

noun

phlegmatic

sluggish; apathetic

adjective

pilfer

to steal

verb

pillar

a column

noun

pinch

to press between one's fingers or another object

verb

pity

compassion

noun

placate

to appease

verb

plateau

a broad pain

noun

plausible

believable, but doubtful

adjective

plea

an appeal

noun

plump

a full, round shape

adjective

pollute

to contaminate; to dirty

verb

ponder

to consider carefully

verb

posterity

future generations

noun

postpone

to delay

verb

prank

a trick; a joke

noun

precaution

action taken to avoid future accident or problem

noun

precede

to go before

verb

precept

a rule; a command

noun

precisely

exactly

adverb

predict

to tell what will happen in the future; to foretell

verb

prelude

a preliminary event preceding a more important one

noun

prestigious

admired

adjective

prevail

to continue in use or fashion; to succeed

verb

prevalent