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Well-informed citizens are the true democratic forces.

Friday, March 29, 2024

Trends in TESOL & CALL, 2024

 Having been away from the academic fields (TESOL, CALL, etc.), I need to update myself from time to time.  Here's what ChatGPT suggests:

The fields of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) and Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) have seen significant trends and developments over recent years, reflecting the rapid advancement of technology and changing global communication needs. Here's a summary of key trends:

  1. Integration of Technology in TESOL: There's an increasing integration of digital tools and platforms in English language teaching, moving beyond traditional classroom settings. This includes the use of online platforms, mobile apps, and interactive software to facilitate learning, teaching, and assessment.


  2. Blended Learning: Blended learning models, which combine face-to-face instruction with online learning, have become more prevalent in TESOL. These models allow for a more flexible and personalized learning experience, accommodating different learning styles and paces.


  3. Focus on Authentic Materials: There's a growing emphasis on using authentic materials in language teaching. Digital media, such as news websites, podcasts, and social media, provide real-life language exposure, making learning more relevant and engaging for students.


  4. Data-driven Approaches: The use of big data and analytics in CALL allows for more personalized and effective learning experiences. Data collected from digital learning platforms can inform curriculum development, teaching strategies, and learner feedback, leading to more targeted and efficient language learning.


  5. Gamification: The gamification of language learning—using game design elements in non-game contexts—has gained traction. This approach increases motivation and engagement by making learning more interactive and fun.


  6. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning: AI and machine learning technologies are being utilized in CALL to provide adaptive learning experiences, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated assessment tools. These technologies can offer immediate feedback, personalize learning paths, and support the development of language skills in innovative ways.


  7. Global Englishes and Intercultural Competence: There's a shift towards acknowledging the diversity of English usages worldwide and the importance of intercultural competence in language learning. TESOL now often includes teaching strategies that respect linguistic diversity and prepare learners for effective communication in a globalized world.


  8. Professional Development in Digital Pedagogy: For educators, there's an increased need for professional development in digital pedagogy. Understanding and effectively utilizing digital tools and methodologies are becoming essential skills for language teachers.


  9. Online Language Communities: The rise of online language learning communities and social networks offers learners additional opportunities for practice, interaction, and immersion. These platforms facilitate authentic communication with native speakers and peers from around the world.

Overall, the trends in TESOL and CALL reflect a broader move towards more personalized, interactive, and technologically integrated approaches to language learning. These developments aim to enhance the effectiveness of language education and prepare learners for the linguistic demands of the 21st century.



Monday, March 18, 2024

TOP 10 DO's AND DON'TS FOR GENTLEMEN

Report: Detrimental Effects of Cannabis on Health


I. Introduction

This report aims to compile information on the detrimental effects of various sources on health, with a focus on recent findings regarding the impact of cannabis use on cardiovascular health.


II. Detrimental Effects of Cannabis on Cardiovascular Health


A. Overview of Recent Findings


Recent research has shed light on the potential cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use. A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association analyzed data from over 434,000 patients aged 18 to 74, collected between 2016 and 2020. The study found that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, even among non-tobacco smokers.


B. Increased Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke


The study revealed that daily cannabis smokers had a 25 percent increased likelihood of experiencing a heart attack and a 42 percent greater risk of having a stroke compared to non-users. This risk was significant even among adults at risk for premature cardiovascular disease, with cannabis use associated with nearly 40 percent higher combined odds of coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.


C. Risks for Non-Tobacco Users


A separate analysis of adults who never smoked tobacco or used nicotine e-cigarettes still found a significant association between cannabis use and an increased combined risk of developing coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. This suggests that the risks of smoking cannabis are not solely due to the co-use of tobacco.


D. Comparison with Tobacco Smoke


The study's lead author, Abra Jeffers, highlighted that cannabis smoke is not all that different from tobacco smoke, except for the psychoactive drug (THC vs. nicotine). This suggests that smoking cannabis has significant cardiovascular risks, similar to smoking tobacco.


E. Impact of Legalization


The legalization of cannabis in various states has led to an increase in its use. Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) show that cannabis usage has more than doubled from 10 percent in 2007 to 22 percent in 2022. This rise in consumption has raised concerns about the potential for marijuana use disorder and the need for more regulation and public awareness of the health risks.


III. Recommendations


Based on the findings, it is recommended that:


Cannabis use should be held to the same standards as tobacco regarding health risks.

There should be more guidance for physicians on screening and counseling for cannabis use.

Public awareness efforts should be strengthened to highlight the potential future cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use.


IV. Conclusion


The recent study provides compelling evidence of the cardiovascular risks associated with cannabis use, similar to those of tobacco smoking. As cannabis use continues to rise, particularly in states where it has been legalized, it is crucial to address the potential health risks through regulation, education, and healthcare guidance.